Южная курортная Анапа знала разные времена. Сначала, когда были сильны итальянские города-государства, поселение принадлежало генуэзцам. Они быстро закрепились, разбросав по побережью Черного моря крепости для контроля территории и торговли. Здесь же был заложен пятиугольный укрепленный периметр, получивши название «Мапа».
Пронырливые купцы владели регионом до 15 столетия, пока их не потеснили агрессивные османы. Они и стали новыми хозяевами черноморских колоний. Турки, вдоволь нашкодившие и тут, и там (о чем свидетельствуют «переоборудованные» ими в конюшни христианские храмы), Анапу, которая тогда звалась Горгиппией, довели до упадка. Сплошные утилитарные постройки – полубарачные здания для купцов, какие-то хибары для рабов и все.
От Анапской крепости просвещенные воины ислама оставили одни руины. Зато здесь буйным цветом распустился невольничий рынок – основа экономики Османской империи. Принято считать, что название поселения возникло от абхазского «анапай» – гавань. По другой версии, «ана» – мать, «пай» – какая-то часть. Таким образом, Анапа означает «материнская доля», поскольку здесь турки размещали единоверцев, союзников.
На деле же поселение было захолустьем, перевалочной базой. Все изменилось после завоевания Россией Крыма. У турков остались только Анапа и Суджук-Кале, поневоле пришлось возводить здесь мощные форпосты. Полностью перестроенная крепость стала грозным укреплением, защищенным и с суши, и с моря.
В османский период какое-то время город был процветающим поселением, с лавками, кофейнями и неизменным восточным базаром. Но потом, расширяя свою экспансию на юг, сюда пришли русские, раз за разом штурмовавшие Анапу и, в конце концов, захватившие ее. Но это уже другая часть истории.
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